Ingredient Encyclopedia

Retinol – Benefits, Side Effects & Uses Retinol, a form of vitamin A, is one of the most studied skincare ingredients. It helps improve fine lines, uneven texture, and skin clarity by promoting cell turnover and stimulating collagen production. Over time, consistent use can visibly rejuvenate the skin and reduce the signs of aging. What is Retinol? Retinol is a fat-soluble vitamin A derivative that converts into retinoic acid in the skin. This active form interacts with skin receptors to boost cell turnover, stimulate collagen and elastin production, and improve overall skin texture. Unlike prescription-strength retinoids, retinol is available over-the-counter and is generally well-tolerated when used correctly (DermNet NZ). Key Benefits Reduces Fine Lines & Wrinkles – Stimulates collagen production, improving skin elasticity and smoothing lines (PubMed) Improves Skin Texture – Enhances skin smoothness by promoting cell turnover (DermNet NZ) Treats Acne – Helps unclog pores and reduce acne lesions (PubMed) Evens Skin Tone – Reduces hyperpigmentation and promotes a brighter, more uniform complexion Photodamage Repair – Improves sun-damaged skin by repairing signs of photoaging Side Effects Retinol is effective but can cause temporary irritation, especially when first introduced. Common side effects include: Dryness and peeling Redness and irritation Increased sun sensitivity To minimize these effects, start with a lower concentration and gradually increase. Apply a moisturizer after retinol and always use sunscreen during the day to protect your skin. How to Use Retinol in Your Skincare Routine Start Slowly – Begin with 1–2 nights per week to allow your skin to build tolerance Apply After Cleansing – Use on clean, dry skin to enhance absorption Moisturize – Follow with a hydrating moisturizer to lock in moisture Use Sunscreen – Apply a broad-spectrum SPF 30 or higher daily, as retinol increases sun sensitivity Avoid Mixing with Certain Actives – Separate use from AHAs, BHAs, or Vitamin C to reduce irritation Beginner Tips Introduce retinol slowly and monitor skin reactions Consider buffering with a moisturizer for sensitive skin Consistency is key – visible results often appear after 8–12 weeks If irritation persists, reduce frequency or consult a dermatologist References A Clinical Anti-Ageing Comparative Study of 0.3 and 0.5% Retinol – PubMed Topical Retinoids – DermNet NZ Topical Treatment of Photodamage – DermNet NZ Related Guides Niacinamide – Benefits and Uses Vitamin C – Brightening Your Skin How to Layer Skincare Products How to Transition to Retinol Safely

Hydroxypinacolone Retinoate (HPR) – Benefits, Side Effects & Uses Hydroxypinacolone Retinoate (HPR) is commonly used in skincare. Below is a plain-English guide to what it does, who it may suit, who should be cautious, and how to use it within a routine. Key Benefits a c t i v e Who Should Use It? Depends on skin goals and tolerance Patch test if sensitive Who Should Avoid It? Those with known sensitivities Consult guidance for special circumstances How to Use Introduce gradually Layer with moisturiser Daily SPF recommended 👉 Explore related products in our shop.

Retinyl Propionate – Benefits, Side Effects & Uses Retinyl Propionate is commonly used in skincare. Below is a plain-English guide to what it does, who it may suit, who should be cautious, and how to use it within a routine. Key Benefits a c t i v e Who Should Use It? Depends on skin goals and tolerance Patch test if sensitive Who Should Avoid It? Those with known sensitivities Consult guidance for special circumstances How to Use Introduce gradually Layer with moisturiser Daily SPF recommended 👉 Explore related products in our shop.

Retinyl Palmitate – Benefits, Side Effects & Uses Retinyl Palmitate is commonly used in skincare. Below is a plain-English guide to what it does, who it may suit, who should be cautious, and how to use it within a routine. Key Benefits a c t i v e Who Should Use It? Depends on skin goals and tolerance Patch test if sensitive Who Should Avoid It? Those with known sensitivities Consult guidance for special circumstances How to Use Introduce gradually Layer with moisturiser Daily SPF recommended 👉 Explore related products in our shop.

Retinal (Retinaldehyde) – Benefits, Side Effects & Uses A potent vitamin A derivative stronger than retinol. Key Benefits Targets fine lines Smoother texture Who Should Use It?Experienced users Who Should Avoid It? Pregnant/breastfeeding Very sensitive How to Use It in a RoutineStart 1–2 nights/week VerdictPotent; ramp carefully 👉 Try our Renewal Night Serum.

Retinal (Retinaldehyde) – Benefits, Side Effects & UsesRetinal is a vitamin A derivative considered a step stronger than retinol, used for texture and tone.What is Retinal?Retinal is explained below in plain English so you can decide if it belongs in your routine.Key Benefits Targets fine lines appearance Smoother-looking texture Quicker pathway than retinol Who Should Use It?Experienced users aiming for stronger resultsWho Should Avoid It? Pregnancy/breastfeeding (avoid) Very sensitive skin How to Use It in a Routine Introduce 1–2 nights/week Moisturise well SPF daily VerdictPotent; ramp up carefully and moisturise well.👉 Try our Renewal Night Serum.FAQsSafe in pregnancy? Generally avoid.How often? Start 1–2 nights/week.SPF? Absolutely.Related: Retinol · PHA · Hyaluronic Acid