Ingredient Encyclopedia

Lactic acid is a gentle alpha hydroxy acid (AHA) that not only exfoliates dead skin cells but also helps boost hydration. It is one of the most beginner-friendly exfoliating acids, making it a great option for those with dry, sensitive, or mature skin. This guide explains what lactic acid does, who it suits, how to use it correctly, and what to watch out for. What is Lactic Acid? Lactic acid is a naturally occurring AHA derived from milk (though most modern formulations are vegan and lab-synthesised). It works by loosening the bonds between dead skin cells, allowing them to shed more easily. This leads to smoother, more radiant skin and improved product absorption. Unlike glycolic acid, lactic acid is slightly larger in molecular size, meaning it penetrates more slowly and is less irritating — perfect for beginners. Key Benefits Gentle Exfoliation: Provides a mild resurfacing effect suitable for most skin types. Hydrating Effect: Lactic acid is a humectant, meaning it attracts moisture and helps keep the skin plump. Smoother Texture: Softens rough patches and improves overall skin feel. Brighter Complexion: Promotes a more even, radiant skin tone over time. Supports Collagen Production: Regular use can help reduce the appearance of fine lines and improve firmness. Who Should Use It? People with dry or dehydrated skin who want mild exfoliation without irritation. Those new to chemical exfoliation and looking for a starter acid. Mature skin types seeking gentle cell turnover to improve radiance. Who Should Avoid It? Individuals with a damaged or compromised skin barrier (eczema flare, open wounds, or infection). Those using strong retinoids, benzoyl peroxide, or other potent exfoliants daily — over-exfoliation may lead to redness and irritation. Anyone allergic to lactic acid (rare — patch testing recommended). How to Use It in a Routine Frequency: Start 1–2x per week in the evening, then increase to 3x per week if tolerated. Application Order: Use after cleansing and before serums/moisturisers. Follow with Moisturiser: Helps lock in hydration and maintain barrier function. SPF Daily: As with all AHAs, lactic acid increases sun sensitivity, so a broad-spectrum SPF 30+ is essential during the day. Concentration & Product Types Most over-the-counter lactic acid products range between 5–10% concentration, which is considered safe for regular home use. Professional peels may use higher concentrations (20–50%) and should be performed under dermatological supervision. Possible Side Effects Mild tingling or redness after application (normal and usually temporary). Peeling or dryness if used too frequently or layered with too many actives. Sun sensitivity — always pair with SPF. Verdict Lactic acid is an excellent choice for beginners or those with dry, sensitive, or mature skin who want gentle exfoliation and a hydration boost. When used correctly, it helps reveal smoother, brighter, more supple skin. 👉 Ready to try lactic acid? Discover our Lactic Glow Serum — a beginner-friendly formula designed for gentle exfoliation and hydration. FAQs Is Lactic Acid safe for sensitive skin?Yes, lactic acid is considered one of the mildest AHAs. Start slowly and always moisturise afterward. Can I combine Lactic Acid with other actives?Yes, but avoid layering with strong acids, physical scrubs, or prescription-strength retinoids in the same routine. Consider alternating nights. How long until I see results?Many users notice softer, smoother skin within a week, with more visible brightness and tone improvement after 4–6 weeks of consistent use. Related: Glycolic Acid Guide · Niacinamide Guide · Hyaluronic Acid Guide References PubMed: Role of Lactic Acid in Skin Physiology American Academy of Dermatology – AHAs Explained Healthline: Lactic Acid Benefits for Skin Written by: Sarah Mitchell, Skincare Writer & Brand Educator Reviewed by: Dr. Priya Kaur, Consultant Dermatologist